Git Tutorial

Restore files in staging area to match HEAD

git reset HEAD restores all files in staging area to match HEAD

git reset HEAD -- [filename] restores the specified file in staging area to match HEAD

Compare differences between staging area and HEAD

git diff --cached

Compare differences between working directory and staging area

git diff compares differences between staging area and working directory

git diff -- [filename] compares differences for the specified file

Restore working directory files to match staging area

git checkout -- [filename] restores the specified file in working directory to match staging area

Restore both staging area and working directory to a specific commit

git reset --hard [commit code] restores both staging area and working directory to match a specific commit [use with caution]

Compare differences for a specified file between different commits

git diff [commit code 1] [commit code 2] -- [filename]

Remove a file from both staging area and working directory

git rm [filename]

Stash changes to a temporary stack

git stash saves changes to the stack

git stash apply applies changes while keeping them in the stack

git stash pop applies changes and removes them from the stack

Git repository backup

git clone --bare [remote git repository] [local git repository] using dumb protocol

git clone --bare [file:///<remote git repository>] [local git repository] using smart protocol

git remote add [remote repository name] [file:///<remote git repository>]

git push --set-upstream [remote repository name] [branch name] push local branch to remote repository

git push [remote repository name] [branch name] push local branch to remote repository